The Development and Problems of Laser Cutting Sheet Metal Processing

Knowledge sharing by Guangdong Shunde Teamwork Model Technology Co., Ltd, whom with over 20 years rapid prototyping experience.

Email: ken@gdtwmx.com

Website: www.gdtwmx.com

With the development of modern machinery processing industry, the requirements for the quality and precision of cutting have been continuously improved, and the requirements for improving production efficiency, reducing production costs, and having high-efficiency automatic cutting functions are also increasing. 
Laser Cutting is a process revolution in sheet metal processing. It is a "processing center" in sheet metal processing. Laser cutting has a high degree of flexibility, cutting speed, high production efficiency, short product production cycle, and has won a wide market for customers. Laser cutting without cutting force, processing without deformation; no tool wear, good material adaptability; no matter whether it is a simple or complex part, you can use a laser precise rapid forming cutting; its narrow slit, good cutting quality, high degree of automation, operation Simple, low labor intensity, no pollution; automatic cutting and nesting can be achieved, material utilization is improved, production cost is low, and economic benefits are good. The technology has a long life span. Currently, most of the ultra-structured 2mm plates used in foreign countries are laser-cut. Many foreign experts agree that the next 30-40 years are the golden period for the development of laser processing technology (which is the direction of the development of sheet metal processing). .
Sheet metal cutting is a very common metal processing technology. With the development of science and technology, users have higher and higher requirements on processing efficiency and processing quality. Many sheet metal processing companies are considering adding laser cutting machines. There are many factors to be considered in the selection of laser cutting machines. In addition to considering the maximum size, material, maximum thickness of the required cutting, and the size of the original data format, more needs to consider the future direction of development, for example, to do After the technical transformation of the product, the maximum workpiece size to be processed and the format of the information provided by the steel market are based on my own product, which is the most economical, loading and unloading time, and so on. Laser cutting machine is a modern equipment with high input and high output. Saving one minute each time may mean earning ten yuan more. The status quo of the peripheral laser cutting machine is also a point that laser cutting machine buyers must pay attention to. Intense market competition should try to prevent homogenous competition.
There are still many problems with laser cutting of sheet metal:
1. Cutting and perforating technology. Any kind of thermal cutting technology, except for a few cases that can be started from the edge of the board, generally requires a small hole in the board. Previously in the laser stamping compound machine, a hole was punched out first with a punch, and then laser cutting was started from the small hole.
2. The analysis of laser hole cutting hole deformation, the machine tool in the processing of small holes instead of blasting perforation, but the use of pulsed perforation, which makes the laser energy is too concentrated in a very small area, the non-processing area It also burns, causing holes to deform and affect the quality of processing.
3. During laser cutting of low carbon steel, burrs are present in the workpiece. The main causes of burrs are: the laser focal position is not correct, the laser output power is insufficient, the cutting line speed is too slow, the purity of the cutting gas is not enough, and the laser focus is Shift, instability in the long running time of the machine tool.
4, the laser is not completely cut through the analysis of the state, the choice of laser head nozzle and the processing of plate thickness does not match; laser cutting line speed is too fast, the need for operation control to reduce the line speed; In addition, also need special attention is that in the L3030 laser When the cutting machine cuts the carbon steel plate above 5mm, it needs to replace the 7.5” focal length laser lens.
5. The cause of abnormal sparking when cutting low-carbon steel, the loss of the NOZZEL nozzle of the laser head, and loosening of the thread at the connection between the nozzle and the laser head. At this point, the cutting should be suspended immediately, check the laser head connection, and re-thread the thread.
6. The choice of puncture point during laser cutting, the working principle of the laser beam during laser cutting is: in the process of processing, the material forms a pit in the center after being irradiated by a continuous laser, and then works coaxially with the laser beam. The gas stream quickly removes the molten material to form a hole.